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Demonstration of Kyoto protocol monitoring:
Kyoto Protocol monitoring requires in the first commitment period (2008-2012) a quantification of areas subject to Afforestation, Reforestation and Deforestation (ARD) to estimate the net changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from direct human-induced forestry activities.
The possibility of operationally monitoring the compliance to the Kyoto Protocol targets by the exclusive use of L-band SAR will be investigated in the following sequence of activities:
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Identification of at least four European sites, with Siberia as an additional boreal reference site. The following sites were selected:
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Thüringen (Germany)
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Siberia (Russia)
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Remningstorp (Southern Sweden)
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Brattaker (Northern Sweden)
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Kielder (England)
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Generation of forest/non-forest maps from the individual JERS data sets.
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Identification of changes in forest cover and quantification of the affected area from the multitemporal sequence of JERS acquisitions.
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Comparison of the ARD area derived from SAR data with the ground truth information and quantification of the achieved accuracy level.
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Evaluation of JERS repeat-pass coherence for change detection on one test site.
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Comparison with ERS C-Band acquisitions at two test sites, ERS SAR data of two test sites available to project team.
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Prototyping and definition of a “Kyoto” product “ARD area quantification” with investigation of the potential ways to reach certification of the ARD product by independent international authorities (e.g. the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changes – IPCC).
Literature review
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Estimation of standing biomass and monitoring of biomass dynamics is important for monitoring forest clearance, providing a coarse assessment of the age structure of temperate and boreal forests, tracking forest regrowth in the tropics, and for providing forest maps.
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Monitoring of the extent and seasonal change of wetlands, which are sources of CH4. The intergovernmental Ramsar Convention anticipates conservation and sustainable management of natural wetlands.
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